Principales Temas Essay Example for Free

Principales Temas Essay Este viaje, alegi ricamente representa la trayectoria de la vida de Blanche. Los Campos Eli seos son la tierra de los muertos en la mitologi a griega. La bi squeda de toda la vida de Blanche de sus deseos sexuales ha conducido a su desahucio de Belle Reve, su ostracismo del Laurel, y, al final del juego, su expulsii n de la sociedad en general. El sexo conduce a la muerte. En todas partes del juego, Blanche es atormentada por las muertes de sus antepasados, El suicidio de su marido es el resultado de la desaprobacii n de su homosexualidad. En la Escena Nueve, cuando la mujer mexicana aparece vendiendo flores para los muertos, la reacciona Blanche con el horror porque la mujer anuncia el destino de Blanche. Su locura es el final causado por sus defectos duales su inhabilidad de actuar de manera apropiada sobre su deseo y su miedo desesperado de mortalidad humana. El sexo y la muerte esti n unidos fatalmente en la experiencia de Blanche. LAS PASIONES: LOS RECUERDOS: DEPENDENCIA DEL HOMBRE: Un Tranvi a Llamado Deseo presenta una cri tica aguda del camino, las instituciones y las actitudes de Ami rica de la posguerra y las restricciones contra la mujer. Williams usa la dependencia de Blanche y Stella de los hombres para exponer la cri tica y el tratamiento de la mujer. Tanto Blanche como Stella ven a sus compai eros masculinos como su i nico significado de felicidad, y ellas dependen de los hombres tanto para su sustento como para su autoimagen. Blanche reconoce que Stella podri a ser mi s feliz sin su marido. Cuando Stella decide permanecer con Stanley, ella decide confiar y creer en un hombre en vez de su hermana. Williams no necesariamente critica a Stella sino que lo que hace es limpiar hacer ver que Stanley representa un futuro mucho mi s seguro que Blanche. Blanche ve el matrimonio de Mitch como su medio de destitucii n. Blanche tiene una reputacii n pobre. Esta reputacii n hace que Blanche tenga una perspectiva del matrimonio poco atractiva, pero, porque ella es indigente, Blanche ve el matrimonio como su i nica posibilidad para la supervivencia. Cuando Mitch rechaza a Blanche inmediatamente piensa en otro hombre el millonario Shep Huntleigh quii n podri a rescatarla. Blanche no comprende que su dependencia de los hombres la conduciri a su cai da mas que a su salvacii n. Por confiar en los hombres, Blanche pone su destino en las manos de otros. LUZ En todas las partes del juego que aparece Blanche no aparece la luz directa, brillante, sobre todo delante de su pretendiente, Mitch. Ella tambii n rechaza revelar su autentica edad, y esta claro que ella evita la luz para impedirle ver la realidad de su belleza. En general, la luz tambii n simboliza la realidad del pasado de Blanche. En el que ella estaba atormentada por los fantasmas como su primer amor, su objetivo en la vida, su dignidad, y la sociedad distinguida de sus antepasados. Blanche cubre la luz con una linterna de papel de arroz, y rechaza las citas con Mitch durante el di a. Mitch se da cuenta, y sera en la Escena Nueve, cuando i l se enfrenta y cuenta las historias de Stanley y la habla de su pasado. Mitch entonces fuerza a Blanche a ponerse de pie bajo la luz. Entonces la que no le preocupa su edad sino su falsedad, Blanche responde diciendo que ella no pensaba hacerle dai o. La inhabilidad de Blanche de tolerar la luz significa que se acerca su realidad final. En la Escena Seis, Blanche dice a Mitch que esta enamorada de su marido, Allan Grey, era como tener el mundo lleno de luz brillante, viva. Desde el suicidio de Allan, Blanche dice, la luz brillante desapareceri. Los encuentros sexuales de Blanche con otros hombres, han experimentado la luz si lo di bil. La luz brillante, por lo tanto, representa la joven inocencia sexual de Blanche, mientras la luz pobre representa su madurez sexual y desilusii n. BAi O- En todas partes de un Tranvi a el Deseo Llamado, Blanche se bai a. Sus experiencias sexuales la han hecho una mujer histi rica, pero estos bai os, como ella dice, son para tranquilizar sus nervios. Sus esfuerzos por olvidar y deshacerse de su pasado, estos bai os representan sus esfuerzos por limpiarse de su historia odiosa. Stanley tambii n se bai a para deshacer una fechori a, cuando i l se ducha despui s de la paliza de Stella. La ducha sirve para calmar su cari cter violento; despui s, i l abandona el cuarto de bai o se siente arrepentido y llama con ansia a su esposa. ALCOHOLISMO Tanto Stanley como Blanche beben en exceso en varios puntos de la obra. La bebida de Stanley es una actividad social: i l bebe con sus amigos en la barra, durante sus juegos de pi ker, y para celebrar el nacimiento de su nii o. La bebida de Blanche, es antisocial, y ella trata de mantenerlo en secreto. Ella bebe para eludirse de la cruda realidad. Un estado de estupor borracho le permite imaginar, preparar una huida con Shep Huntleigh. Para ambos caracteres, la bebida conduce al comportamiento destructivo: Stanley comete la violencia domi stica, y Blanche se engai a. VIOLENCIA-Otro tema que obsesioni a Williams fue la violencia. A lo largo de esta obra la violencia se palpa en cada escena. Hay distintos tipos de violencia: La violencia verbal(Stanley habla de forma brusca a su mujer y a la hermana de esta, Blanche. Blanche tambii n habla con cierto tono de superioridad a Stanley, recordandole que ellas provienen de una familia acomodada y i l es solo un polaco)y la violencia fi sica( Stanley descarga todas sus frustraciones en Stella. Este le pega por que se siente inferior y no acepta que Stella le diga lo que tiene que hacer. Stanley tambii n viola a Blanche, para demostrarle quien manda en su casa). La violencia fi sica siempre aparece despui s del alcohol. Blanche no acepta esta violencia pero su hermana Stella ya esti acostumbrada a ella y le resta importancia. El resultado de toda esta violencia es la locura. Con este final Williams nos quiere dejar ver que no se puede vivir fuera de las reglas de la sociedad. Si eres lo suficientemente valiente para mostrarte tal y como eres, el resultado es la locura causada por la intolerancia de todo el mundo. HOMOSEXUALIDAD- El personaje homosexual ausente (muerto antes de levantarse el teli n) impregna la atmi sfera opresiva y oni rica de la obra y ayuda a dar sentido a todo lo que ocurre. El recuerdo de Allan el joven casado con Blanche, y se suicida. En los dramas de Williams de esta i poca el homosexual sale del armario para ser expulsado del texto. Sus personajes mueren porque no pueden afrontar un mundo real donde su diferencia sexual es un hecho socialmente inaceptable y ellos mismos no pueden vivirla con total franqueza. Los personajes gays de sus obras mi s conocidas y de mayor i xito han muerto antes de que se levante el teli n. Han muerto o se han suicidado en un arrebato de pi nico homosexual como Allan. En ella se inclui an de pasada temas como el incesto, la homosexualidad o el canibalismo aunque el verdadero eje de la trama en el filme fuera el miedo la locura y la confusii n entre fantasi a y realidad.

Catcher In The Rye :: essays research papers

CATCHER IN THE RYE The book, Catcher in the Rye, has been steeped in controversy since it was banned in America after its first publication. John Lennon’s assassin Mark Chapman, asked the former Beatle to sign a copy of the book earlier in the morning of the day he murdered Lennon. Police found the book in his possession upon apprehending the psychologically disturbed Chapman. However, the book itself contains nothing that might have lead Chapman to act as he did. It could have been just any book that he was reading the day he decided to kill John Lennon and as a result, it was the Catcher in the Rye, a book describing a nervous breakdown, that caused the media to speculate widely about the possible connection. This gave the book even more recognition. The character Holden Caulfield ponders the thoughts of death, accuses ordinary people of being phonies, and expresses his love for his sister through out the novel. So what is the book Catcher in the Rye really about? Superficially the story of a young man getting expelled from another school, the Catcher in the Rye is, in fact, a perceptive study of one individual’s understanding of his human condition. Holden Caulfield, a teenager growing up in 1950’s, New York, has been expelled from school for poor achievement once again. In an attempt to deal with this he leaves school a few days prior to the end of term, and goes to New York to take a vacation before returning to his parents’ inevitable irritation. Told as a monologue, the book describe Holden’s thoughts and activities over these few days, during which he describes a developing nervous breakdown. This was evident by his bouts of unexplained depression, impetuous spending and generally odd, erratic behavior, prior to his eventual nervous collapse. Some critics have argued that Holden’s character is erratic and unreliable, as he has many of the middle-class values that he claims to reject. Later on critics began to have praised the twisted humor of the main character. These critics have commented that the structure of the novel helps you understand Holden’s unstable state of mind. Alastair best remarked: "There is a hard, almost classical structure underneath Holden’s rambling narrativ. The style, too, appears effortless; yet one wonders how much labor went into those artfully rough-hewn sentences" (qtd. in Davis 318) A large field of critics took a positive view of the novel.

Aries epica

We are guided by a strategic plan that helps us to redefine the viewing experience of millions across the globe. Indeed that enabled us to stay ahead of the competition and kindle a digital revolution in India and the Middle East. Aries Epic is the pioneer in AD Advertising and Corporate Videos in India. We house one of the best AD Stereoscopic studios in the region. Objective: 1 . To create a global brand by leading and revolutionize the world's viewing experience. 2. Exploiting the 1st mover advantage to be a house hold name in global racketing/consumer electronics community in case of AD TV and AD/AD conversion. . To create a marketing channel to create an opportunity to sell and launch other sub products to industry. 4. To create AD virtual exhibition platform. 5. Attract global recognition to brand â€Å"Aries† Products and Services offered: Our core services encompasses the following Stereoscopic shooting for companies, feature films, advertising, events (including marri age functions, inauguration. ) etc. Stereoscopic post production management (control of the maintenance of stereoscopic alignments, Editing, Composition, D'). Production of AD stereoscopic animations. D Stereoscopic video presentations in Medical field and Education. Comprehensive AD and AD Solutions AD Broadcasting Solutions AD Live Projection for stage shows or any events AD Projection Solutions (Permanent Mini AD Theatre installations and temporary installations for trade shows, property show etc. ) AD Printing Solutions AD theatre installation and AD movies Animation Services AD Animation&2D Animation Story Boarding / Animating Visual Effects/ CGI Post Production Gaming Concept Creation/ Development/ Pre Production Holographic Imaging Next Generation Event/ Marriage Video coverageHighlights of the services include One-of-its kind concept from India' s No. L international video production brand Ultra- modern AD Technology No cameramen to block the view K movie format with CGI and Del AD – AD conversion facility Worldwide live streaming AD Invitation design AD Photo album 5. 1, 7. 1 & Atoms sound designs Animation and VEX studio Full-fledged animation studio for ad and ad animation. VEX for film and television Complete preproduction and post production facilities Aries Epic Academy Aries Epic Academy is the first AD Stereoscopic Film Academy in India and the MiddleEast started with a vision of providing quality education in AD Stereoscopy, AD & AD Animation, Editing & D', Audio Engineering and VEX. Courses offered; 1 . AD Stereoscopy a. AD cinematography b. Stereography c. AD Editing d. AD composition AD to AD conversion g. 2. Complete visual effects training. 3. AD and AD animation 4. Editing and Del 5. Audio Engineering SOOT Analysts: Strength Pioneer in AD Advertising and Corporate Videos. Technological edge. Well established brand name â€Å"ARIES†. Aries Epic Academy. Company profile – Mr. Johan Roy as a brand ambassador himself. Wi de variety of rodents and services.Weakness Initial Expensive Lack of Technical staff Lack of awareness among customers. IP protection Opportunities Huge boom in AD market. Increased awareness as a career. Rising share of outsourcing pie. Social gaming popularity. Increasing usage of VEX and AD in movies. Increase in demand for local content. Wide use of animation in advertisement industry. Threats Newer better technology may emerge. Break-even possibility Competitors Cultural constrains Lack of government support Market analysis: The Indian Animation & gaming Industry is one of the fastest growing industries in he country today.Highly skilled manpower & dramatic cost effectiveness have made considerable growth over a past few years, with a larger numbers of players foraging the space. Indian Animation & Gaming Industry is valued at 739 million dollars with a compound annual growth rate (CARR) of 32 percent between calendar years 2005 & 2009. Animation through a late starter in Indi a is considered as one of the most promising segments of the media & entertainment industry. The industry after experiencing healthy growth rate in the past is expected to be in the pink of its coming years.From the current market size of SIDES 774 million in 2010, it is anticipated to touch the highs of SIDES 3040 Million by 201 5 growing at a CIGAR of 25 percent during 2011 – 15. Target customers: TV channels Gaming industry Film industry Advertisement industry Upcoming events Educational sector Medical field Corporate sector Government sector Mobile app world Web developers Event management groups Expos, entertainment shows and exhibition Hospitality sector Marketing Strategies & Channels: A good and proper website which can showcase our quality of work and creativity. Demo for each target groupMaintain a proper contact and data base of people associated with film and TV industry. Tie ups with event management groups on commission bases or mutual benefit bases. Social medi a marketing. Direct marketing using marketing executives. Use database of Medici TV for medical sector. Using the Aries group branding Strategic event Tie -ups between the various divisions for marketing purposes Getting involved in online forums and blobs Participating in various expos. Channels: Brochure of the product and business cards. Events marketing using the strategic tie-ups between divisions.Telemarketing of the reduce to potential customers Email marketing of the product Online marketing strategy can help secure new customers such as social media strategy and online paid strategies Direct selling by fixing appointments with customer and briefing our product An advertisement would be a good option in the referral strategy would help in increasing the customer base Advertise with a well known print publication. Initiating the process by gearing up with required marketing tools such as brochures, visiting card, PPTP etc. Creating necessary databases for sales and marketing. Execute the email marketing & telemarketing processes.

The Big Three Types Of Basic Writing Skill - 1198 Words

The Big Three It is essential that everyone has some type of basic writing skill because it will help anyone who is reading or writing an essay, paper, or even a book to efficiently communicate with their reader. With the lack of grammar and structure of the essence of writing, it would be meaningless. It is important for anyone to perfect any writing skill that they may be having trouble with as soon as the problem occurs. Once a person has identified their problems they can be left with the decision to practice the problem and research it in order to fix those problems. This past few weeks my English teacher developed a midterm project based on three problem areas in which we had trouble with. We were then told, out of all three we needed to find three resources each, in which helped us improve on all of these areas. I am so glad this project was presented to me so that I could fix not one but all three of my skill areas. The three areas that I felt that I had the most problems wit h was, introduction paragraphs, conclusion paragraphs, and pronoun-antecedent agreement. First, to aid me in my introduction paragraphs, my resources included: The Little Seagull Handbook, Owl Purdue Online Writing Lab, and About Education- The Introductory Paragraph. Second, to aid me in conclusion paragraphs, my resources included: The Little Seagull Handbook, Owl Purdue Online Writing Lab, and About Education- Writing Your Conclusion. Last, to aid me in pronoun-antecedent agreements, myShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of A Few College General Education Courses1070 Words   |  5 Pagescollege, before college comes high school, before high school comes middle school, then grade school, kindergarten, and preschool. This is because one must learn the basic fundamentals necessary for the next step in life. This is exactly what general education courses aid with in college. 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Observation Report of a Child at Elementary School Recess

Observation Report of A Child At Elementary School Recess This observation is of a 10 year old male child during his lunch recess at an elementary school located in the South Bay area. The student participates in a day treatment program for children with emotional/social difficulties. The length of this observation was approximately forty five minutes. For the purpose of confidentiality this student will be referred to as John. In the first section of this observational analysis a brief description of the program which John participates in will be given. This will be followed by an analysis of Johns activities during the observation. Observation The day treatment program John participates in is located on the campus of†¦show more content†¦John disengaged himself from playing with this group as he was distracted by a nearby puddle of water. John jumped over the puddle, and was prompted by the staff not to step in the water. After this warning John jumped over the puddle a few more times before picking up a stick, which he used to poke and investigate the tiny pool. John seemed very interested in this activity, and spent approximately five to eight minutes investigating what he had found before losing interest and returning to the bars. There were more children now playing on the bars then had been earlier, and John seemed to grow inpatient; There were about four children occupying the parallel bars doing various tasks when John approached the bars. John waited for a short time (about 1 to 2 minutes), and then began to yell at a younger student to move so that he could do something. The child did not respond to Johns request to move, and John crossed his arms and began to pout. After another minute or so, John went to the staff saying that the other kids were just sitting on the bars not letting him get on. The staff pro mpted the students that they had to take turns on the bars. 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Skills Assessments, While Important And Necessary For Self...

Skills assessments, while important and necessary for self-growth, can be slightly daunting and a bit uncomfortable. It can be very difficult to see our personal weaknesses documented and embarrassing openly discussing them with others. However, this process of evaluation not only helps us grow as a person, but allows you the opportunity to identify various methods and tools to help close the existing gaps and improve those areas. The end result is a better, more marketable and skilled, highly effective – you. The results from the Excel assessment were not surprising, as I was aware that I had limited knowledge of the program and how to use its pivot table and equation applications. Out of the twenty-eight questions asked, nineteen of them were answered correctly landing me in the â€Å"moderate† knowledge category. In the past I have spent many hours utilizing Excel for specific job tasks, projects and key performance indicator (KPI) presentations that required data being transferred into graphs. However, there was no formal training associated, only skills and techniques gathered along the way that allowed me to be successful in those specific tasks. There are many tools within Excel, that had I been proficient in them, would have made my job of analyzing and presenting data much simpler and more efficient. The results of the writing assessment were a bit more surprising. In terms of writing the short essay, and as my first MBA assignment, I struggled to putShow MoreRelatedThe Montessori Curriculum Model Is Based On The Philosophy Of Continuous Development904 Words   |  4 Pagesdevelopment, love, caring and uniqueness. In the Montessori classroom, every child is provided with unique opportunities to develop both moral and cognitive skills in areas that motivate students (Isaacs, 2015). 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Bioinformatics Interdisciplinary Comprising-Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Bioinformatics Interdisciplinary Comprising? Answer: Introducation Bioinformatics is an interdisciplinary field comprising of genetics, molecular biology, mathematics, statistics and computer science. This field can simply be envisioned as a merger between biology, information technology (IT) and computer (Can, 2014). Primarily, bioinformatics aims to facilitate the discovery and characterisation of new biological insights and design a global viewpoint from which unifying biological principles can be discerned. Bioinformatics has three fundamental sub-disciplines, which are pursued by bioinformaticians globally. Firstly, the creation of new statistics and algorithms that can be used to identify relations among individual members of large data sets (Chiang, 2009). Secondly, it is the evaluation and elucidation of different kinds of data such as nucleotides and amino acids, protein structures, and protein domains. The lastly sub-discipline is the creation and application of tools that allow for systematic assessment and organisation of various types o f biological information. Evidently, the definition and understanding of bioinformatics are not universal globally. Researchers, however, agree that bioinformatics is the creation of advanced information as well as computational technologies management for solving biological problems (Wightman Hark, 2012). As a result, this field entails the storage, retrieval, evaluation and interpretation of biological data. There are four steps in deriving a bioinformatics solution. The initial step entails the collection of statistics from biological data. In the second stage, a computational model is built. Next, the computational modelling problem is solved. The fourth step entails testing and evaluation of a computational algorithm (Can, 2014). Types of biological data Various types of biological data are used in bioinformatics including nucleic acids, structures of biological molecules (mainly 3D structures), biochemical pathways, gene expression profiles, and phylogenetic data (Rigden, Fernndez-Surez, Galperin, 2016). The two kinds of nucleotides are (DNA) and (RNA). DNA is the building block of life otherwise known as genetic material. It is the material that is inherited and passed from one generation to the other. Structures of biological molecules are important to biologists, since macromolecules handle most functions of the cells. Bioinformatics has a specific focus on the three-dimensional structures of macromolecules. Gene expression profiling entails the measurement of the expression of thousands of genes at a short time to design a global picture of cellular function. DNA mediates the synthesis of RNA, and controls protein synthesis through RNA, which is a process known as gene expression. Gene expression profiling can show cells that are actively, or exhibit how particular cells react to a given treatment. In gene expression profiling, an entire genome can be measured simultaneously meaning that every gene in a given cell can be characterised. Several transcriptomics technologies are used to generate the essential data for evaluation. DNA microarrays are designed to measure the relative activity of already pinpointed target genes. Sequence based techniques such as RNA-Seq, offer informa tion on the sequences of genes plus their expression level. Mantione and colleagues predict that RNA-Seq will form the future of data collection in bioinformatics (Mantione, et al., 2014). Another kind of data that is used in bioinformatics is biochemical pathways. Biochemical pathways are a series of interlinked chemical reactions happening in a cell. Metabolites are the primary reactants on metabolic pathways, and various specific enzymes catalyze the reactions. In metabolic pathways, the products of one enzyme act as the substrates for the next. Specific metabolic pathways occur based on the certain position in a eukaryotic cell and the importance of the metabolic pathways in the particular compartment of the cell. For example, oxidative phosphorylation, citric acid cycle, electron transport chain happens in the mitochondrial membrane (Campbell, Farrell, McDougal, 2016). On the other hand, fatty acid biosynthesis, glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway take place in the cytosol of a cell (Voet, Voet, W, 2013). Phylogenetic data is also of great importance to biologists. Phylogeny is crucial in bioinformatics because it expounds knowledge and delineates how genes, genomes and species evolve. For instance, phylogenetic data has been used to successfully study the evolution of genomes and genes in drosophila (Clark, et al., 2007). Molecular sequences are the main focus in phylogeny. Molecular biologists assert that phylogenetic data can be used to trace the evolution of a certain sequence to the current date, and even in the prediction of how the sequence will change in the future. These data sets are stored in various biological databases. The biological databases are categorized based on the specific data they hold. Currently, there are databases for nucleotides, proteins, protein structures, and genomes maps. Two of the commonly used biological databases are the Universal Protein Resource (UniPort) and European Nucleotide Archive (ENA). UniPort is a resource for functional annotation and protein sequences (UniProt Consortium, 2008). These biological databases contain complete sets of nucleotide and protein sequences from all organisms that have been published (deposited) by the international research community. There are, however, specialized biological database such as organism specific and functional databases. Organism specific databases contain sequences of data from different organisms such as human and mouse. On the other hand, functional databases include vector database and TRANSFAC: Transcription factors. Specific examples of bioinformatics application Mactol is a bioinformatics tool that has been developed to enhance early detection of cancer. Mactol helps in the identification of protein and DNA colocalisation visualised through fluorescence microscopy. The development of this tool was motivated by the fact that pixel intensity-based coefficients cannot be used to study object-based colocalisation in biological systems (Khushi, et al., 2017). Matloob Khushi, who developed this tool, acknowledged that single image analysis is slow and takes many hours. Thus, this novel innovation can succeed manual co-localisation counting (Australian Cancer Research Foundation, 2017). Besides, it can be used in many biological areas. The tool automates the traditional quantification task and can quantify multiple, possibly hundreds of images automatically in a short time. Mactol identifies regions of fluorescent signal in two channels, determines the co-located sections of these regions and calculates the statistical significance of the colocalis ation (CMRI, 2017). The features of Matcol allow users to view an area of interest and customise several parameters to analyse the region of interest completely. Unlike traditional tools that focus on pixel intensity-based correlation, Matcol is meant to visualise object-based colocalisation. It has a threshold multiplier that filters the background. Cannistraci and colleagues note that the removal of background minimises the visualisation of false-positive signals (Cannistraci, Montevecchi, Alessio, 2009). This bioinformatics tools is a breakthrough in cancer detection and might assist researchers in designing novel therapies to treat cancer in its early stages. Genomic Target Scan (GT-Scan) GT-Scan is an online bioinformatics tool (web-based) that organises the possible targets in a user-chosen section of a genome based on the number of off-targets available (OBrien Bailey, 2014). This bioinformatics tool offers the users flexibility to determine the required attributes of targets as well as off-targets through a straightforward -target rule-. In addition, GT-Scan delivers an interactive output allowing for comprehensive scrutiny of all the potential candidate targets. GT-Scan is mainly used to distinguish the most favourable targets for (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) CRISPR/Cas systems (OBrien Bailey, 2014). However, the tool can be used for other genome-targeting techniques because it is highly flexible. GT-Scan utilizes the basic idea of genome targeting. The initial stage in the successful operations of a genome targeting technique is to determine the potential target or targets with the section of interest that possess the least number of off-targets. In some instances, the potential target might be a gene, promoter or exon. The classical targets are sub-sequences within the desired part that have no similar copies in another section within the genome. An attribute that makes GT-Scan reliable is the interactive output. The interactivity of the output enables the users to evaluate a potential target and the traits of is possible off-target. These include points of incongruous, number of incongruous and even genomic location. Currently, the web site support targets selections in over 25 Ensembl genomes (OBrien Bailey, 2014). When using the GT-Scan, researchers choose a suitable genome from a list and submit a DNA sequence of the genomic section in which they want to determine ideal targets. Several options are available to the users based on how they want to perform the identification. A user can select a rule-pair or design their personal customized rule-pair. A candidate target is a point in the specific genomic section that complements the target rule. In all candidate targets, the tool records the possible off-target in the genome that has less than three incongruous in the candidate targets as well as match congruous off-target s filter. Also, the researcher can independently control the number of incongruous in off-targets. In summary, GT-Scan helps users to answer two specific questions. The first question is what the ideal candidate targets in the genomic section of interest are? The second question is the number of potential off-targets in the target genome being used by the researcher (GT-Scan, n.d.). Viral Diseases Drug Australian researchers in collaboration with international partners have developed a novel drug for the treatment of common viral disease. The drug was developed following analyses of nucleotides, and gene expression profiles. In their quest to characterise the occurrence of viral diseases, the researchers found that NOX2 oxidase is activated by single stranded DNA and RNA viruses in endocytic compartments. Once triggered, NOX2 generates endosomal hydrogen peroxide, which subdues the bodys humoral and antiviral signalling networks (To, et al., 2017). As a result, the bodys ability to fight viral diseases is suppressed, and the viral infection becomes virulent. Many people experience this pathogenesis since NOX2 is found in most viral such as common cold, influenza, HIV and dengue fever. The primary research on the action of NOX2 was based on mice, and human subjects are yet to be included in the study. NOX enzyme is unavailable in prokaryotes but evolved approximately 1.5 billion years in single cell eukaryotes. The enzyme is present in eukaryotic groups such as algae, fungi, amoeba, and nematodes. After characterising the enzyme, the team of scientists designed a novel drug that proved effective in mice. Specifically, the prototype drug inhibited the effect of NOX2 oxidase in mice. The customised drug suppressed the disease caused by influenza infection. However, the drug is still undergoing development and will only be available to humans after five years. This novel viral drug developed using bioinformatics technology aims to improve the efficiency of treatment. The current treatment techniques are limited because they target circulating viruses and have an uncertain or minimal impact against new viruses that affect humans. Empirical evidence suggests that flu virus results in the hospitalisation of 13,500 Australians and results in 3000 deaths among the population aged over 50 years. Even the global burden of the flu virus is increasing. It has been found that approximately five million cases of infections are reported annually, and about 10% of these cases lead to death (Kenrick, 2017). Based on this finding, the discovery of a viral diseases drug is a major milestone towards addressing the disease burden. Meme Suite MEME Suite is a web-based and software toolkit for conducting motif-based sequences analysis and is accessible through meme-suite.org (MEME Suite, n.d.). Motif sequence inspection is important in the multiple scientific contexts. As such, Suite software is a fundamental toolkit for studying biological processes comprising of RNA, DNA and proteins. The toolkit has been used to analyse results for approximately 9800 published papers (Bailey, et al., 2015). Onset of proteomics and genomics means that many researchers will need to conduct motif analysis and thus, MEME Suite will become more important. Even before the advent of these fields of study, MEME Suite has been used widely for biological discoveries. On the web, MEME Suite contains several tools and integrated databases used to perform motif analyses. The basis of the suite is the meme motif discovery algorithm. This meme searches for the motif in unaligned collection of protein sequences, RNA and DNA. From its discovery and launch, meme continues to gain popularity in the scientific field. For instance, in 2014, the meme gained about 2014 alone unique users (Bailey, et al., 2015). The MEME Suite was developed based on the existing understanding of motif. An RNA, DNA or protein motif sequence is a small pattern that is consistent within evolutions. Ideally, a motif is conserved by the evolution. In either of these sequences, a motif might correspond to different sites. For instance, in DNA motifs might be homologous to specific protein-binding sites. On the other hand, in proteins, motifs might correspond to the active sites of enzymes. In proteins, the motif might still correspond to a structural unit essential for correct folding of the specific protein. Hence, a sequence motif is among the elementary functional units of molecular evolution. Due to these facts, determining and characterising the motif is important to designing models of cellular processes. The identification of the motifs is further important to understand the mechanisms and pathophysiology of human diseases. The MEME Suite toolkit consists of 13 tools for conducting motif discoveries, motif enhancement scrutiny, motif inspection and motif-motif correlation. The newest six tools in the MEME Suite toolkit are MCAST, DREME, MEME-ChIP, AME, CentriMO, SpaMo (Bailey, et al., 2009). When performing motif discoveries and motif enhancement, the users give a set of a unaligned protein sequence, RNA, or DNA sequence. Customarily, the sequences may be promoters of coexpressed genes or proteins with a common role. Motif discoveries locate de novo motif in the deposited sequence. A researcher can then deposit the motif instantly, to the scanning and correlation tools with the MEME Suit to determine any other protein or genomic sequence with the identified motif. This process might also aim to discern if the motif is homologous to formerly studied motif. The Suite offers a wide array of genomic and proteomic sequence databases for motif inspection and numerous motif databases for motif correlation. The MEME Suite toolkit has a flexible and straightforward user interface to facilitate fast motif analysis. All the input fields explain the specific information that is needed, how to input the information and in most cases, an example is provided. A question mark (?) guides the user to get the required help (Bailey, et al., 2015). The whole interface of the MEME toolkit is flexible and consistent. For instance, a user can input the required information in a certain field by typing or cut-and-paste or choosing a file for upload. Conclusion Australia has a huge opportunity in the growing bioinformatics industry. Specifically, there is an opportunity in leveraging the benefits of bioinformatics in medical and health research. Stakeholders across the board now assert that the importance of bioinformatics stretches beyond biotechnology into medical and health research. The application of computers and information technology to match and analyse gene sequences allows a better understanding of causes of diseases and difference in impact across different populations. The application and utilisation of these techniques will give the country a competitive advantage in the pharmaceutical industry. This paper has highlighted the Matcol tool, MEME Suite, development of viral diseases drug and GT-Scan as some of the breakthroughs in the application of bioinformatics. Although some of these applications are still in the trial stage, they are fundamental in setting the ground for major achievements through bioinformatics. Reference Australian Cancer Research Foundation. (2017, 9 12). New bioinformatics tool to improve the early detection of cancer. Retrieved 9 12, 2017, from https://acrf.com.au/news/new-bioinformatics-tool-to-improve-the-early-detection-of-cancer/ Bailey, T., Boden, M., Buske, F., Frith, M., Grant, C., Clementi, L., Noble, W. (2009). MEME SUITE: tools for motif discovery and searching. Nucleic acids research, 37(suppl_2), W202-W208. Bailey, T., Johnson, J., Grant, C., Noble, W. (2015). The MEME suite.nursing acids research, 43 (W1), W39-W49. Campbell, M. K., Farrell, S. O., McDougal, O. M. (2016). Biochemistry. Cengage Learning. Can, T. (2014). Introduction to bioinformatics. Methods Molecular Biology, 1107, 51-71. Cannistraci, C., Montevecchi, F., Alessio, M. (2009). Median-modified Wiener filter provides efficient denoising, preserving spot edge and morphology in 2-DE image processing. Proteomics, 9(1), 4908-4919. Chiang, J. H. (2009). Tech-ware: Bioinformatics and computational biology resources [Best of the Web]. IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, 26(5), 153-158. Clark, A., Eisen, M., Smith, D., Bergman, C., Oliver, B., Markow, T., . . . Pollard, D. (2007). Evolution of genes and genomes on the Drosophila phylogeny. Nature, 450(7167), 1-56. CMRI. (2017, 9 7). Researcher Devises Tool To Speed Up Cancer Discovery. Retrieved 9 12, 2017, from https://www.cmri.org.au/News/Latest-News/CMRI-researcher-devises-tool-to-speed-up-cancer-di GT-Scan. (n.d.). GT-Scan: Identifying Unique Genomic Targets. Retrieved 9 12, 2017, from https://gt-scan.csiro.au/ Kenrick, J. (2017, 7 12). New research points to treatment breakthrough for viruses. Retrieved 9 12, 2017, from https://www.rmit.edu.au/news/all-news/2017/jul/new-research-points-to-treatment-breakthrough-for-viruses Khushi, M., Napier, C. E., Smyth, C. M., Reddel, R. R., Arthur, J. W. (2017). MatCol: a tool to measure fluorescence signal colocalisation in biological systems. Scientific Reports, 7( 8879 ), 1-9. Mantione, K., Kream, R., Kuzelova, H., Ptacek, R., Raboch, J., Samuel, J., Stefano, G. (2014). Comparing bioinformatic gene expression profiling methods: microarray and RNA-Seq. Medical science monitor basic research, 20(1), 138. MEME Suite. (n.d.). The MEME Suite. Retrieved 9 12, 2017, from https://meme-suite.org/ OBrien, A., Bailey, T. L. (2014). GT-Scan: identifying unique genomic targets. Accounting, 30(18), 26732675. Rigden, D., Fernndez-Surez, X., Galperin, M. (2016). The 2016 database issue of Nucleic Acids Research and an updated molecular biology database collection. Nucleic acids research, 44(D1), D1-D6. To, E., Vlahos, R., Luong, R., Halls, M., Reading, P., King, P., . . . Starkey, M. (2017). Endosomal NOX2 oxidase exacerbates virus pathogenicity and is a target for antiviral therapy. Nature Communications, 8(1), 69. UniProt Consortium. (2008). The universal protein resource (UniProt). Nucleic acids research, 36(suppl 1), D190-D195. Wightman, B., Hark, A. T. (2012). Integration of bioinformatics into an undergraduate biology curriculum and the impact on development of mathematical skills. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education, 40(5), 310-319. Voet, D., Voet, J. G., W, C. (2013). Fundamentals of Biochemistry: Life at the Molecular Level . John Wiley Sons